Americans are notorious for holiday extravagance.
Theorists suggest that holiday spending is a gauge of the health or sluggishness of our economy.
In related veins, some see willingness to spend, spend, spend during the holidays as a sign of patriotism at most or civic loyalty at least.
“Buy American this Christmas!” or “Support your local merchants this Christmas!” are refrains of the season.
Those huddling around the Advent wreath have different ideas about extravagance, or we should.
The hurry, hurry, hurry and spend, spend, spend of the holiday season have been replaced with the wait, wait, wait of Advent.
The audacity of hope is where we began our Advent journey. We stood against the demands of immediate gratification and said, instead, that we would wait for the coming of our Lord and that in so doing we might be reminded of the patience of God, who is ever-waiting for us to turn toward divine promises.
Hope is a Christian virtue in the face of a demanding culture of “Now!”
On the second Sunday of Advent, we struggled to find our dissident voices as we proclaimed the impertinence of peace in a world increasingly committed to fear and violence and hatred and war.
We kindled a simple flame on a purple candle in protest against the darkness of our world mired in the pursuits of status, wealth, power and exclusion. Peace is a Christian virtue in the face of a culture of conflict.
We blushed our way through the third Sunday of Advent, guided by that pink candle standing in stark contrast to the purple and white of the other candles. With rosy cheeks and a rose-colored candle, we were reminded of the sheepishness of joy.
Joy is a Christian virtue, one that warms us with embarrassment in the face of a culture of pride and self-assurance.
On the fourth Sunday of Advent, the prophet Micah stirs our sense of hope, peace and joy and directs us toward love.
Micah gathers up the history of Judah and reminds us that “you, O Bethlehem of Ephrathah … from you shall come forth for me one who is to rule Israel” (Micah 5:2). Bethlehem is, of course, “the city of David” as Luke reminds us (Luke 2:4).
By the time Micah wrote his words, the legacy of David had become enduring evidence that God had made an everlasting covenant with his people that a descendant of David always would rule God’s people.
With delicious subtlety, Micah nudges us: The name David literally means “the beloved one;” David is the epitome of the shepherd of God’s people who “shall stand and feed his flock in the strength of the Lord” (Micah 5:4).
On the fourth Sunday of Advent, we cannot escape the confession that love is the motivating force of God and the covenant.
From David to Jesus – through David to Jesus – God is in the business of loving people and blessing all the families of the earth, as the covenant with Abraham declared (Genesis 12:1-3).
The image of God as king and shepherd also is the theme of this week’s psalm. The psalmist makes it clear God alone has always been king and shepherd.
Read between the lines and find the confession that the earthly kings have failed to uphold the virtues of hope and peace and joy. “The bread of tears” has made Israel “the scorn of our neighbors” (Psalm 80:5-6).
The only hope is to be restored by God. “Let your face shine, that we may be saved” (Ps 80:3,7).
Four candles now burn, giving us a subtle hint of the light of love emanating from the face of God.
On the fourth Sunday of Advent, the epistle is an exclamation point. Lacking the subtlety of the prophet and the psalm, the writer of Hebrews draws our attention away from Christ the king to Christ the priest.
That love is the motivating force of God and the covenant is found in these words: “And it is by God’s will that we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all” (Hebrews 10:10).
Finally, we come to the Gospel. On the fourth Sunday of Advent, we follow the tracks of an expectant Mary as she seeks out her kinswoman, Elizabeth, who is growing heavy with her own child.
Luke reports that Elizabeth went into seclusion after conceiving in her old age (Luke 2:24). Mary comes to the Judean countryside and spends the last three months of Elizabeth’s pregnancy with her (Luke 2:56).
Three months of waiting, three months of sharing the hope for their unborn sons, three months of the peace of seclusion away from whispers and glances from the curious, three months of joy born of comparing notes as their children grow in secret within them.
In Luke’s tender paragraphs, we glimpse the subtlety of love. First, it is shared between old Elizabeth and Mary, still the maiden, and Elizabeth exclaims, “as soon as I heard the sound of your greeting, the child in my womb leapt for joy” (Luke 2:43).
The love spills out in a song that spans generations of waiting souls. “The Mighty One has done great things for me and holy is his name. His mercy is for those who fear him from generation to generation. … He has helped his servant Israel in remembrance of his mercy according to the promises he made to our ancestors, to Abraham and to his descendants forever” (Luke 2:49-50, 54-55).
On the fourth Sunday of Advent, we still wait. With Elizabeth and Mary, with David and Micah, even with old Abraham and Sarah, we wait for the love within us to be born into our world again.
Let the light of the candle of love light our way during these last hours of waiting.
It is the prophets, the psalms, the epistles and the gospel.
Editor’s note: This article is part of a weekly series for Advent 2018, reflecting on the lectionary texts for the Sundays of Advent that are available here. The previous articles in the series are:
Light in the Darkness | Advent One: Hope
Light in the Darkness | Advent Two: Peace
Light in the Darkness | Advent Three: Joy
Professor emeritus of religion in the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences at Mercer University in Macon, Georgia. He served as chair of the department of religion from 2000-2021.